More men and boys are currently diagnosed as autistic than women and girls. Find out about the gender ratio and the theories that try to explain it. We also look at gender identity - your sense of self as a man, woman, non-binary or something else — and gender dysphoria. Various studies, together with anecdotal evidence, suggest that the ratio of autistic males to females ranges from to

Research shows no evidence for this, and similar beliefs tend to be myths. However, little scientific evidence supports these claims. In this article, we look at the research into fetal heart rate as an indicator of sex. The belief is that a heartbeat slower than beats per minute indicates a male baby, while a faster heartbeat indicates a female baby. In , one study found no significant differences between male and female fetal heart rates. In , a study looked at female and male fetal heart rates recorded during the first trimester. These researchers also found no significant difference between them.

The ratio between the number of males and females in a society is referred to as the gender ratio. This ratio is not stable but instead shaped by biological, social, technological, cultural, and economic forces. And in turn the gender ratio itself has an impact on society, demography, and the economy. In this entry we provide an overview of the variation and the changes of the gender ratio across the world. We study how it changes from birth to late life; the forces that change the ratio of men to women.

Important progress has been made in recent years in the identification of men as victims of trafficking. Historically, most identified victims of human trafficking were women. More recently organizations that provide direct assistance have become better at identifying male victims of human trafficking. A large proportion of victims identified are women, as human trafficking has generally been seen as a crime which affects mostly women.